Bangladesh

A Land of Rivers, Resilience, and Rising Aspirations

Bangladesh, located in South Asia and bordered by India and Myanmar, is a dynamic and densely populated country with a rich history, vibrant culture, and rapidly growing economy. Known as the “Land of Rivers”, Bangladesh is making its mark globally through its textile industry, agricultural strength, digital initiatives, and a resilient population.

🕰️ Formation & Historical Background

• Ancient Period: Part of the Bengal region, home to Pundra, Maurya, and Gupta civilizations.

• 13th–18th Century: Ruled by Bengal Sultanate and later by the Mughal Empire.

• 1757–1947: British colonial rule following the Battle of Plassey.

• 1947: Became East Pakistan after the Partition of India.

• 1971 (26 March): Declared independence;

• 1971 (16 December): Victory in the Liberation War – birth of Bangladesh.

Today, Bangladesh is a sovereign parliamentary democracy, with its capital in Dhaka and a population exceeding 170 million.

🧾 Basic National Information

Government and Leadership

🗺️ Geographic Features

• Over 700 rivers, including the Padma, Jamuna, Meghna

• Deltaic lowlands with fertile alluvial plains

• Tropical monsoon climate

• Coastal regions, forests (Sundarbans), and hill tracts in the southeast

🏛️ Administrative Structure

• Divisions: 8 (Dhaka, Chattogram, Khulna, Rajshahi, Barisal, Sylhet, Rangpur, Mymensingh)

• Districts (Zilas): 64

• Upazilas: 495+

• Unions: 4500+

• 87,000+ Villages

• Major Cities: Dhaka, Chattogram, Khulna, Rajshahi, Sylhet, Barisal, Rangpur, Mymensingh

List of Divisions:

1. Dhaka

2. Chattogram

3. Khulna

4. Rajshahi

5. Barishal

6. Sylhet

7. Rangpur

8. Mymensingh

Each division is divided into districts, each district into upazilas, and further into unions and villages or wards in urban areas.

Local Government Structure

• Rural: Union Parishad → Upazila Parishad → Zila Parishad

• Urban: Municipalities (Pourashava) and City Corporations

• City Corporations: Dhaka North & South, Chattogram, Rajshahi, Khulna, Sylhet, Barishal, Rangpur, Mymensingh, Comilla, Gazipur, Narayanganj

Leadership & Governance

• Bangladesh follows a unitary structure with strong central governance.

• Election Commission supervises general elections.

• Local government institutions are gradually being strengthened.

• Key development strategies:

  • Vision 2041

  • Delta Plan 2100

  • Smart Bangladesh 2041

Law Enforcement & Safety

• Oversight by Ministry of Home Affairs

• Agencies:

  • Bangladesh Police

  • Rapid Action Battalion (RAB)

  • Border Guard Bangladesh (BGB)

• Key Issues:

  • Road safety, political unrest, drug trafficking, online misinformation

• Emergency Numbers:

  • 999 – Police, Ambulance, Fire

🕌 Religion & Language

• Official Religion: Islam (State Religion, but other religions protected)

• Major Religions: Islam (Sunni majority), Hinduism, Buddhism, Christianity

• Official Language: Bengali (Bangla)

• Other Languages Spoken: English, Chakma, Santali, Rohingya (locally)

💹 Economy & Industries

• Top Sectors:

  • Ready-Made Garments (RMG) – 2nd largest in the world

  • Agriculture – Rice, Jute, Tea, Vegetables

  • Remittances – Large overseas workforce

  • Shipbuilding, Pharmaceuticals, IT & Freelancing

• Digital Bangladesh: Ongoing transformation toward Smart Bangladesh Vision 2041

• Infrastructural Growth: Metro Rail, Padma Bridge, Special Economic Zones (SEZs)

🏥 Education & Healthcare

• Notable Universities: Dhaka University, BUET, IBA, BRAC University, North South

• Public & Private Healthcare System: Expanding steadily

• Challenges: Healthcare accessibility in rural areas, doctor-patient ratio

• Progress: Maternal and child mortality significantly reduced

🚌 Transport & Connectivity

• Airports: Dhaka (Hazrat Shahjalal Int’l), Chattogram, Sylhet, Cox’s Bazar

• Roads & Highways: Expanding expressways, regional corridors

• Railways: BR network expansion ongoing

• Riverways: Over 8,000 km of navigable waterways

• Ports: Chattogram Port, Mongla Port, Payra Port

🏞️ Tourism & Heritage

• Sundarbans: Largest mangrove forest, home of the Royal Bengal Tiger

• Cox’s Bazar: Longest natural sea beach in the world

• Saint Martin’s Island, Sajek Valley, Sylhet Tea Gardens

• Historical Sites: Mahasthangarh, Paharpur, Lalbagh Fort, Panam City

• UNESCO Sites: Sundarbans, Mosque City of Bagerhat

🌍 Bangladesh on the World Stage

📌 Summary

Bangladesh is a land of remarkable resilience, resourcefulness, and rising potential. With a young population, growing infrastructure, and rich cultural legacy, it is poised to be a significant player in Asia’s development story. From rural villages to urban skylines — Bangladesh is a story of transformation and national pride.

📰 News & Articles

• Padma Bridge: Symbol of Self-Reliance and National Pride

• Bangladesh’s Smart City Vision by 2041

• RMG Exports Cross USD 50 Billion in 2024

• Sylhet Becomes Top Eco-Tourism Destination

🎯 Our Vision (Website Mission)

Our mission is to build a knowledge-rich, factual, and accessible hub for:

• All divisions, districts, upazilas, and unions in Bangladesh

• Local history, culture, people, festivals, and traditions

• Education, health, economy, and tourism insights

• A trustworthy archive for visitors, researchers, students, and locals

📬 Contact Us

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We welcome community participation to enrich this information hub.
Let’s explore Bangladesh — together.